Apparatus for burning liquid hydrocarbons.



A No. 708,258. Patented Sept. 2, |902'.4

e w. H. e e. E. RUSSELL. APPARATUS vFDII BURNING LIQUID HYDROGARBONS.

(ApplicaIijux `tiled. Oct. 11, 1900.)

(No Model.)

UNITED vSTAT-*13s PATENT., OFFICE.

WILLIAM II. RUSSELL AND GEORGE EQRUSSELL, OF JERSEY CITY, NEW JERSEY.

APPARATUS FOR BURNING LIQUID HYDROCARBONS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No.708,258,1dated`5eptember 2, 1902.

Application filed October 11,1900. Serial No. 32,703l (No model.) i

To all whom, it may concern.-

Be it known that we, WILLIAM H. RUSSELL and GEORGE E. RUSSELL, citizensof the United States, andresidents of Jersey City, Hudson county,NewJersey, have invented certain Improvements inApparatus for B urningLiquid Hydrocarbons, of'which the following is a specification. A

This invention relates-to an apparatus for gasifying and burning ahydrocarbon with the aid of air induced by the draft.` c The apparatusis designed mainly for producing a Bunsen fiame and is herein shown asoperating in connection with what is commonly called a Welsbach mantlefor illuminating purposes, though it may be employed for heatingpurposes without such mantle. A

In the drawings, which serve to illustrate one embodiment of ourinvention, Figure 1 is a longitudinal axial Section of the generator andburner; and Figs. 2 and 3 are respectively cross-sections of the same,taken in the planes indicated by lines m2 and x3.

As shown in the drawings, 1 is the nipple where the oil-supply pipe isattached. This nipple screws into a casing 3 and has at its upper end avalve-seat 1'( The casing 3 is secured at its upper end to a tubulargenerator 4, which has at its upper end a nozzle 5, in which is a verysmalloutlet 6 for the gas. Within the casing 3 area valve 7 Vto closethe inlet for oil and mechanism'for actuating this valve and a needle orneedle-valve S, which extends up to the outlet 6, which it serves toclose. Within the casing3 the needle-valve 8 is provided with a rack 8',and the valve 7 is provided with a rack 7 A pinion 9 gears at itsrespective opposite sides with these racks and is provided with arotatively-mounted shaft 10, which passes out through a stutting-box inthe wall of the casing 3 and may be provided exterior to the casingwith'a thumbwheel 11 for rotating said shaft and operating both theValve 7 and needle 8 simultaneously. When the valve 7 is open, the oilunder pressure or head enters the chamber 3 and finds its Way into thegenerating-chamber through the guides of the racks, which are grooved orapertured to permit it to flow. The needle 8 is suiiiciently loose inits guides to allow the liquid, vapor, or gas, as the case may be, to'

its upper end in a flanged tubular guide 12, in which it-its snugly, andthe oil or vapor filters through a mass of refractory filtering material13 up to lateral apertures 12' inthe guide 12, which lead it into theoutlet-passage. The needle S is not new in this general class of burnersand is not intended as a valve, but forv cleaning the outlet 6. Itserves, incidentally, as a valve; but the valve 7 accomplishes thatfunction. Y

About theupper part of the generator 4 is a heating-chamber 14 in acasing 15, which has apertures 15' in its bottom `and two diaphragms 16and 17, of ine gauze, one near the bottom andthe othernear the top ofthe chamber 14. 'Below the casing 15 vis a baflieplate 1S, mounted onthe generator, and below said plate, on the generator, is secured a cup19 for alcohol. v

Mounted on and closing the top of the casing 15 is an outer casing 20,having a burnertube in its top, covered with wire-gauze 20', andextending up into this casing 2O is a mixing-tube 21, into which theoutlet 6 discharges. Intermediate the `mixing-tube and the casing 20 isa tube 22, which is open at the bottom and closed by a diaphragm orplate at its upper end above and over the open upper end of themixing-tube. Air is induced and supplied to the mixing-tube through oneor more air-tubes 23, which penetrate the casing 2O and enter themixing-tube just above the gas-outlet 6. Supply-tubes 24 for a mixtureof gas and air extend from the casing 2O down to the heating-chamber 14,where they admit a combustiblev charge between the diaphragms 16 and 17.

In Fig. 1, 25 designates a part of a Welsbach mantle for illumination.This view also shows the air-tubes 23 as turned upward, so as to beinclosed within the encompassing globe. (Not shown in this view.) Theobject of this arrangement is to heat the air admitted to promotecombustion, and when this induced supply of air is thus heated we do notfind it necessary ordinarily to employ air-shutters to regulate thequantity of air admitted; but these may be employed, if desired.

The operation of the burner is as follows: n

`iow around it. The needle 8 is guided near IOC) Oil being admitted tothe generator by opening the valve 7, alcohol is poured into the cup 19and ignited. The gaseous product from the generator flows up through thetube 2l, inducingan influx of airthrough the tubes 23, and the two gasesare mixed within the tube 22, flowing thence down and out from under thelower edge of same into the chamber of the casing 20. A portion of thiscombustible mixture of gas and air rises to the point of ignition at thetop of the burnertube, and the remainder backs down through the tube ortubes 24 to the heating-chamber 14, where it is ignited and heats thegenerator. This ignition is maintained at the outlets in the bottom ofthe chamber 14 so long as the supply of oil to the burner is kept up.The alcohol is employed only for a temporary purpose.

It may be well to explain that the lower gauze or foraminous diaphragm17 in the chamber 14 interposes between the body of said chamber and theoutlets 15', and the gas passes out through the diaphragm 17 and burnsat the said outlets exterior to said diaphragm.

Preferably asbestos will be employed as the ltering material 13, andpreferably, also, the oil-passage will be provided at some point in theburner with copper and Zinc electrodes to provide, with the heat and theilowing oil, a galvanic current, which is believed to aid materially ingasifying the oil. In Fig. 1 these electrodes are shown at 30 anddesignated by the letters c and e.

Having thus described our invention, we clai1n 1. In an apparatus forthe purpose specified, the combination with a generator and means foradmitting oil in regulated quantity thereto, of a mixing-tube above theoutlet of the generator, an intermediate tube closed above and over theupper end of the mixingtube, an air-induction pipe which admits air tosaid mixing-tube, an outer casing inclosing the mixing-tube andintermediate tube, a casing about the generator to form aheatingchamber, a tube connecting the chamber in the outer casing withthe heating-chamber, the receiving end of said tube being situated abovethe lower, open end of the intermediate tube, and a receptacle below theheatingchamber to contain a combustible for igniting the gaseous mixturein the heating-chamber, substantially as set forth.

2. In an apparatus for the purpose specilied, the combination with agenerator and means for admitting oil thereto, of a casing about saidgenerator and having apertures in its bottom, a baiile-plate below saidcasing, a cup for combustible liquid belou7 said plate, gauze diaphragmswithin said casing, an outer casing, which carries the burner-tube andis mounted on the casing surrounding the generator, tubes connectingsaid casings, a mixing-tube within the outer casing, air-tubes connectedwith and supplying said mixingtube, an intermediate tube within theouter casing and inclosing the mixing-tube, and means for regulating theoutflow of gas from the generator, substantially as set forth.

In witness whereof we have hereunto signed our names, this 8th day ofOctober, 1900, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

WILLIAM H. RUSSELL. GEORGE E. RUSSELL.

Witnesses:

HENRY CONNETT, PETER A. Ross.

